Lincoln And His Generals By War Abraham Lincoln As...

Anthony Espindola Dr. Flashnick HST 340 15 February 2015 Book review: Lincoln and His Generals Tried by War: Abraham Lincoln as Commander in Chief While there are countless books and biographies written on the life of Abraham Lincoln, none argue quite so heavily in favor of Lincoln’s military brilliance during the Civil War as T. Harry Williams’ book Lincoln and His Generals, published in 1952. Williams, born in 1909, is an experienced historian who taught at Louisiana State University and wrote multiple books on military and political history (Williams, 2). Large amounts of his work focused on the Civil War, primarily with that of the Union’s leadership. Within the preface of his book, Williams directly states that his â€Å"theme is Lincoln as a director of war and his place in the high command and his influence in developing a modern command system for this nation† (Williams, 7). While the theme of this book was certainly original at the time it was written, the book Tried by War: Abraham as Commander in Chief – written by James M. McPher son and published in 2008 – shares similar contributions to the leadership qualities of President Lincoln. McPherson also argues that it was Lincoln’s learned military genius that won the war for the north. McPherson, like Williams, has written many essays and works about the Civil War, and is a renowned historian for his expertise in that genre. Both authors are well educated in the history of Lincoln even though their works are nearlyShow MoreRelatedA Comparison Of Abraham Lincoln And Nathan Bedford Forrest981 Words   |  4 Pagesnecessarily has to have a supernatural power. The only thing that makes heroes a hero is their brave soul and mind. Abraham Lincoln and Nathan Bedford Forrest are also considered as heroes in different ways. Nathan Bedford Forrest is a genius, a commander, and he is a successful businessman. 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The couple had two other children: Abraham s older sister Sarah and younger brother ThomasRead MoreAbrahan Lincoln and the American Civil War782 Words   |  3 PagesPresident Abraham Lincoln was known for leading the bloodiest conflict in United States history during the Civil War. Lincoln successfully protected the slaves and the South from seceding. Lincoln’s career included the following influential positions: lawyer, senator, and eventually the President of the United States of America. The experiences of his personal life, career as a political man, and his ultimate contributions to America make him an important man in American history. On February 12Read MoreElectronic Communication by President Abraham Lincoln1259 Words   |  5 Pagesminutes ago†¦? The President of the United States telegraphed a colonel in the field during the Civil War Battle of Second Manassas (Bull Run) in 1862. 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With his intelligence and hard work, he madeRead MoreAbraham Lincoln And The Civil War Comparison Essay1108 Words   |  5 Pages Abraham Lincoln, the great president of the United States, is one of the most influential men in the history of America. He is not only the commander-in-chief of the Union army that takes the victory from the Confederacy in the Civil War but also a leader who ends up the existence of slavery and a hero of the United States of America. On the other hand, Nathan Bedford Forrest is the lieutenant general of the Confederate army during the Civil War. He is a real genius and the great leadership ofRead MoreThe Plan Of The Anaconda Plan1295 Words   |  6 PagesAt the beginning of the war the Union thought it would be an easy, quick war. The Union leaders at this time had no actual plan for the war. General Scott saw this and came up with the Anaconda plan. Scott considered the war a strategy game, and would attack and penetrate the enemy s forces without destroying all of their troops; focusing mainly on victory. At the beginning of the war Scott, unlike others, thought that the war woul d be over in more than two years. The war ended in four years. TheRead MoreThe Declaration Of The United States1346 Words   |  6 PagesColonists revolted against England in a sequence of deliberate acts, such as the Tea Act and the Stamp Act, mainly involving unnecessary taxation of Colonists. Rising tensions eventually resulted in a Revolutionary War between England and the Colonies; The Thirteen Colonies won the war. It was the Treaty of Paris (1783) that finally ended all ties with Britain; America would claim its identity as its own. The Declaration of Independence (1776), written by only educated white men – Thomas

Century Music Composers free essay sample

Many composers existed during the 19th and 20th centuries who defied the principles of common practice tonality. In my opinion, Claude Debussy, Igor Stravinsky, and Bella Bartok are great examples of composers who often refused to follow the norms. Each of them created new compositional methods and structures and each had their own reasons for doing so. In the end, their innovation and originality Is what has kept them current and still relevant even decades later. Debussy had a sense of musical style that allowed the listener to enjoy the moment and to not really wonder about what was coming next. Although Debussy was influenced by Wagner and List, (which can be seen in his usage of chromatic and whole-tone chords), his music is free from the need to constantly resolve. Debussy also tends to keep a tonal focus. However, in his piece Lisle Josses he chose to defy the predictable tonal relationships between chords and gave each chord a degree of independence. We will write a custom essay sample on Century Music Composers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Once again, Debussy way of doing this completely changed the tone ND attitude of this piece and allowed us to enjoy each moment of the piece. Debussy was also known for his modern and symbolist tendencies. He liked to paint a picture for the listener which can be seen in his piece Nudges from Nocturnes where Debussy highlighted the English horn. Even though Debussy wanted to paint a picture for the listener, unlike other composers, he wanted the listener to figure out what that picture was on their own. Igor Stravinsky Is remembered in part for his relationally and his Individualism.He developed multiple style traits which most likely emerged from his Russian traditions and these are what he became known for. Some of these trademarks were his rapid changes of meter, frequent stations, dissonance, and many more. One of Stravinsky most famous ballets, Puppeteer, utilizes many of these techniques within the opening scene; such as static harmony and repetitive patterns. This may be one of the reasons why this ballet was so well liked. Another piece written by Stravinsky that utilized many of his new techniques was The Rite of Spring. This ballet was marked by primitivism which was used to represent the old pagan Russia. The opening scene focused on a girl who was forced to dance herself to death as a sacrifice. Even though the listeners may not have recognized these new techniques upon hearing the piece for the first time, they still recognized it as being different. The audience was so infuriated by this piece that there was a riot at its first performance. However, this piece eventually became one of the most regularly performed works of Its time period.In conclusion, Stravinsky Is the reason classrooms Is popular and his style, along with the many trademarks that he was known for, was imitated by many composers in the future. Bella Bartok took originality to a whole new dimension. He created his own voice by using rudiments of music from many different nationalities that he felt had been overlooked. Bartok wanted to create this type of peasant music because he felt that it represented his country of Hungary better than the urban pop music that was said to. Bartok first significantly String Quartet and Bluebirds Castle. His Allegro Barbara (1911) and other piano arks introduced a new approach to the piano, treating it more as a percussive instrument than as a spinner of cantabile melodies and resonant accompaniments. Bartok tried to reach the limits of dissonance and tonal ambiguity with his Violin Sonata of 1920 and his Violin Sonata of 1921. His music also attempted to synthesize peasant with classical music by emphasizing what they have in common and also by what is so different about them. By mixing together these concepts, new elements, such as Brooks use of harmony, dissonance, and love of symmetry, emerged.

Nestle Sustaining Growth in Mature Markets Essay Example

Nestle: Sustaining Growth in Mature Markets Essay Globalization affects the design, production, distribution, and servicing of goods and services. A truly global company must provide consumers with products that are designed with local tastes in mind. Nestles © spends a lot of time and money creating products that are aimed at specific geographic markets. For example, in Japan, Nestles © has had a lot of success selling their Kit Kate candy bars in limited edition flavors like green tea, soy sauce and wassail. (Madden, 2010) These flavors are only sold for two months each which increases demand and keeps the product news worthy among consumers. Within the framework of the competitive environment, technology involves genealogical diffusion and disruptive technologies, the information age, and Increasing knowledge Intensity. Nestles © utilizes technological advancements to Its advantage. In fact, the companys mall appeal Is the scale and quality of Its global distribution system. (Tanner, 2009, p. 30) Quality is equally important in the competitive environment. If food products do not taste good, there is little hope that Its company can survive. According to their website, Nestles ©s Sino is to bring the best and most relevant products to people, wherever they are, whatever their needs, throughout their lives. (Nestles © Corporation, AAA, Para. 2) This vision is supported by Nestles ©s three-tiered mission entitled Creating Shared Value. Nestles © understands that to be a good global citizen it must be compliant with all laws, business principles, and codes of conduct within their operating countries. In addition to compliance, the corporation understands that sustainability of our planets resources is also of most importance (Nestles © Corporation, Bibb, p. . However, to be the best company that it can be, Nestles © goes one step further and promotes Creating Shared Value, which means that in order to create long-term value for its shareholders, the corporation must also create value within society. Nestles © consciously identifies areas of focus, where: a) shareholders interest and society strongly intersect , and b) where value creation can be optimized for both. (Nestles © Corporation, Bibb, p. 9) After significant study, Nestles © decided the three areas of focus would be nutrition, water, and rural development. We will write a custom essay sample on Nestle: Sustaining Growth in Mature Markets specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nestle: Sustaining Growth in Mature Markets specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nestle: Sustaining Growth in Mature Markets specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As with all public companies, Nestles © has three primary stakeholders: capital market stakeholders, product market stakeholders, and organizational stakeholders. Nestles © manages its relationships with its capital market stakeholders (including shareholders and its major suppliers of capital) by continuing to earn profits in a sluggish economy, including slowing growth in the personal and home care products sector. Nestles © must find ways to achieve profits even as prices for commodities (milk, sugar) continue to rise. Nestles © takes its responsibility towards its capital marker takeovers very seriously. The company continues to reevaluate its product lines to ensure that it focuses on areas promising higher growth and returns. (Hit Hoskings, 2009, p. 266) Product market stakeholders include primary customers, suppliers, host communities, and unions while organizational stakeholders include employees, managers, and non-managers. As part of their aforementioned Creating Shared Value philosophy, Nestle has created ten fundamental principles (or leadership tasks) that guide its strategy; all ten are linked to either the companys reduce market or organizational stakeholders.

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buy custom Research Design essay There are a number of diverse theoretical orientations or viewpoint within qualitative research, so there are also a number of dissimilar strategies available for the study of qualitative data. Theoretical perspective in a research preparation of qualitative research forms a grounded platform for final data and research work to be informatively produced. Theoretical aspect would involve making relevant assumptions for the research plan and ensuring that appropriate data gathering is done to help in production of the research work. Qualitative researchers are alarmed with making sure they incarcerate perspectives accurately. Some researchers who use film show the completed tapes to the contestants in order to check their own understanding with those of the informants. Theoretical lens symbolize one of the major decision a qualitative research requires in other top produce a good work. Theoretical perspective would guide in research plan, quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods app roaches. Variables may be regarded as an attribute at we wish to examine. A causal modelportraying the causal or logical bridges between program activities and predictable outputs, outcomes and affect the research proposal would provide a visual observation of the qualitative proposal. The system of concepts, beliefs, assumptions, and theories supports and informs research work. It expains the key things to be studies and the supposed relationships among them. The variable for the qualitative suggestion would include research relationship, site assortment and sampling decisions, data gathering methods and validity. Further, the model would encompass discipline-based journalism theory, prior studies that address the topic or closely related cases, rainbow questions that bridges the independent and dependent variable, and finally script out the theory sections. Empirical theory requires a reciprocal relationship between theory and data. Data have to generate propositions in a dialectical approach that allows use of priori theoretical framework, however set up priority not to overburden a framework. An example of a journal article that portrays this is the study of Padilla, Pavel and Murguia in 1991; about the integration of twenty four Native American and Hispanic students social system of a campus life style. The students were curious about the ethnicity influence in social integration, and they started by associating the participants encounters to a theoretical model known as the Tinto model of social integration. This is an article with priori theoretical framework and qualitative research approach. The theory emerges at the end of study and presented as logic diagram with a visual representation of associations among concepts. The descripttive aspect is represented when the students backgrounds are brought in picture. A mixed method research theory uses a theoretical perspective or lens to guide the research study. Procedures involve in using a theoretical perspective to study ethnicity, gender, race, disability, sexual orientation and ot6her diversities. The article that portrays this was Caracelli andGreene in 1997 who mentioned a transformative design as a kind of mixed methods research. In 2003, Plano Clark, Creswell, Hanson and Gutmann identified use of theoretical lens such as feminist perspectives, gendered; ethnic, racial, cultural perspectives, lifestyle perspectives. In Addition, Mertens advocates for the essential of a theoretical perspective in mixed methods according to Box7.1. She emphasized the purpose that values play is analyzing ethnic/racial, feminist and disability cases. She identified the implication of transformative theories according to mixed methods research. Involving all the transformative methodology into the entire phases of research process has been applied by recent researchers to entice their work. Conclusion The mixed methods approaches plus qualitative and quantitative are the methodologies used by researchers to produce good work. The processes are very effective when they are used accordingly and purposefully for a particular research work. Buy custom Research Design essay

The world is Flat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The world is Flat - Essay Example This is actually true as no two countries would fight against each other if they have similar interests and it is only a clash of interests that would bring about conflict between these countries. Countries like the United States of America and Great Britain have never really had any conflicts amongst themselves in recent years and the reason for this cannot be far-fetched. Over the years, the US has been an ally of Great Britain and it is not unusual that these two great countries have not had any reason to fight against each other. The reason is due to the fact that they are of the same global supply chain, thus corroborating Friedman’s argument that countries in the same global supply chain can never fight a war against each other. You can never hear two developed countries that share the same ideology fighting against each other. In order to disproof Duiker’s belief that the trend toward globalization could lead to fragmentation, one should consider two countries th at are thriving to be economically successful. The interests of these countries are aligned by the goals they share and this means that they are preoccupied with the success of their economy and would quell any crisis that could lead to conflict between them.

Business law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Business law - Assignment Example The feeling or ignorance pertaining what is happening makes the practice appear ambiguous. The practice worked in the sense that the rich folks controlled the market. Therefore, they had power that determined the flow of income within the market. This increased the mobility of physical cash leading to difficult economic situations arising within the economy. However, the situations did not affect those who pioneered them. Instead, they affected the poor persons within the communities. The parties involved include Hank Paulson, who is a treasury secretary. Initially, he headed Goldman and was the secretary during the time of crisis. On the other hand, Tim Geithner was an appointee tasked with overseeing the effectiveness of the system, and managed to be among those that facilitated the downfall of that system. Most people in the movie have different moral philosophies that justify their actions. They do actions that only serve their personal interests without considering what others may be going through at any one moment in time. Therefore, the principles that the people exhibit have a relationship with what they perform. For instance, Dick Fuld lost his job because he facilitated the downfall of one company. Thus, this showcases him as having some of the worst management principles that lack quality leadership. In addition to causing the downfall, he made away with huge lump sums of money making other people lose their valuables such as money and jobs (Ferrell et al. 160). The parties in question could have experienced different situations had they used different moral philosophies. Such philosophies include applied ethics, which potentially takes a person’s problems and tries to find out the right and wrong concerning the situation. The other philosophy is normative ethics that only makes an assessment of those factors enabling people

Workplace Safety And Health Policy And Objectives

Workplace Safety And Health Policy And Objectives Safety and health issues are critical to every workplace. Regrettably many companies realize the benefits of good safety and health practices only after an accident has taken place. The lessons learnt from such an oversight are often very distressing, painful and costly for any organization. The Workplace Safety and Health Act came into force in March 2006. It requires all stakeholders to take reasonable practicable measures to provide a safe and healthy environment to all workers in a workplace. As a safety and health professional, each candidate is to take the lead in charting the companys safety and health direction. The project requires each candidate to submit a project report based on an organization in one of the following industry: Petrochemical and Chemical Industry Shipyard and ship building Industry Manufacturing Industry Construction Industry Note: All candidates are to show authenticity of their report. Candidates of same organization may have some information and evidences similar. However the report will generally be different to showcase individual work. Candidates are to submit their report using the given templates downloadable from MEL. Task: The project requires each candidate to submit a project report on establishing and reviewing WSH policy and objectives base on an organization of the chosen industry. Project Report: The research project requires each candidate to derive or collect from their workplace a portfolio of evidences on the following items: Data and information collected through research on the internal and external factors that influence the organisations WSH policy. (PC1.1, UK2, 3) Include the factors involved in the establishing of the WSH objectives. (PC2.2, UK9, 12) Analysis on the factors that influence the organisations WSH policy. (PC1.2, UK1) Develop WSH policy statements and objectives. (PC1.3, 2.2, UK9) Recommend the proposed WSH policy and objectives for management approval after consultation with respective stakeholders. (PC1.5) Identify and look into the relevant organisational structure/s essential in the alignment implementation of the WSH policy. (PC2.1, UK11) Organisational programme for stakeholder awareness and involvement. (PC2.3, UK6, 13, 20) Ways to engage and motivate stakeholders in the change process within organisational structure and system. (UK14, 17) Establish the strategies for implementing WSH policy. (UK15) Advantages and benefits of having positive WSH culture in the implementation of WSH policy. (UK18) Establish regular and effective review process of WSH policy and objectives. (PC3.1) Determine the relevant information to be collected for reviewing. (PC2.4, 3.2, UK23, 24, 26) Involve stakeholders in the assessment of necessary changes to existing policy and objectives. (PC1.4, 3.4 UK8, 25) Establish the impact and the resources required for implementation, prior to finalizing the changes. (PC2.5, 3.5 UK27, 28) Document and communicate to relevant stakeholders the changes in policy arising from review. (PC1.6, 3.6 UK16, 30) PROJECT REPORT COURSE Specialist Diploma in Workplace Safety Health Course Run 21 Competency Unit Establish Review WSH Policy Objectives WP-PR-501C-1 Submitted By Name : Kim Huai Qing Student Id : S99911930 NRIC : S8228427C Contact no.: 97360442 Trainer/Assessor Mr. Tan Aik Nan DATE 04032011 Introduction (Brief summary of company profile, background, main business, core values, etc.) Sanofi-aventis in Singapore Sanofi-aventis ranks among the top pharmaceutical companies in Singapore. With the support of more than 200 professionals, we are committed to our mission to improve the health of patients in Singapore through quality medicine and educating healthcare workers, patients, and the general public. Sanofi-aventis Singapore has over 70 products targeted at the seven major therapeutic areas under the Group. At sanofi-aventis Singapore, the key to our collective and individual success is very much driven by these core values: Courage Creativity Integrity Respect Solidarity Audacity Performance In fulfilling our mission, sanofi-aventis Singapore strives to be a performance-driven, innovative, and value-added organisation. Sanofi-aventis Singapore is also home to the regional head office, and a 35-strong Clinical Research Unit, which oversees more than 20 trials conducted in 150 centres across Southeast Asia. Sanofi-aventis manufacturing plant The sanofi-aventis manufacturing facility in Singapore, Aventis Pharma Manufacturing Pte Ltd, is one of the companys primary manufacturing sites under the Group. It is responsible for the global supply of the pharmaceutical active ingredient Nedocromil Sodium, Sodium Cromoglicate and Enoxaparin Sodium used in key products of sanofi-aventis. Our History The US$70 million facility was built in the early 90s by Fisons, a British-based pharmaceutical group, and started operations in 1993, manufacturing nedocromil sodium, the active ingredient of Tilade and Tilavist. In October 1995, Fisons was acquired by Rhone-Poulenc Rorer of France. After the acquisition, the plant was identified as a strategic site and a further US$67 million was invested in 1998 to build a new plant dedicated to the production of Enoxaparin Sodium, and to expand the capacity of the Synthetic Chemical Plant to produce sodium cromoglicate. In 2000, Rhone-Poulenc merged with Hoechst Group of Germany to form Aventis Pharma. The plant was officially renamed Aventis Pharma Manufacturing Pte Ltd in March, the same year. From a small team of only 60 staff members in 1991, the number has now grown to more than 130. Over the years, the plant has been successfully inspected by US FDA, Singapore HSA and France AFSSAPS, and its products are exported to manufacturing sites primarily sanofi-aventis ones located in Continental Europe, UK, USA and Japan. Our Mission and Vision At sanofi-aventis Singapore, we strive to improve health of patients and residents in Singapore through the providence of quality medicine and medical education to healthcare workers and their patients. We are a performance-driven and dedicated team with a vision to: Provide value-added services to healthcare providers and their patients Improve the professionalism of employees through skills/knowledge training development Improve shareholders value by driving audacious sales profit Data and information collected through research on the internal and external factors that influence the organisations WSH policy. (PC1.1, UK2) Include the factors involved in the establishing of the WSH objectives. (PC2.2, UK9, 12) Analysis on the factors that influence the organisations WSH policy. (PC1.2, UK1) Internal Factors (- List at least 3 internal factors. Describe the purpose of each factor and explain how your company manages, administer, or cope with it. Provide evidence such as examples, attachments, appendices, data, or information for each factor with reference to your practice.) 1) New Directives from Corporate Group. (Appendix 1) At Sanofi-Aventis Singapore, not only do we set our own targets and objectives in compliance with the local laws and legislation but also in line with corporate long term plan and targets. For instance, recently our corporate group sends out a new directive on HSE Plan 2015, which requires the entire sites around the world to meet the target set by corporate on issues such as occupational health, accidents/incident, environmental conservation, etc by 2015. Hence, on local front, we are starting to adjust our targets and objectives incorporate with the corporate long term plan. 2) Change in company structure. At Sanofi-Aventis Singapore, the Site Director is not fixed permanently. The life cycle of a Site Director within the Site is around 4 to 6 years. Hence, there will always be a likely minor change of system every 4 to 6 years on site. But the Site Director should not bring in a total new set of system for Health, Safety and Environment as this will cause major issues such as, changes in SOPs, safety practices, employees total inability to adapt to the changes, etc. All this might result in negative impact on the targets and objectives set within the site which will reflect badly on the HSE system. Hence, usually when a new Site Director steps in, he will review the current HSE system and assess the site performance in safety, health and environment together with the HSE Manager. After assessing and interviewing with relevant personnel, he will make minor tweaks to improve the current HSE system to strive for continual improvement. 3) Feedback from audit results. (Appendix 2) At Sanofi-Aventis, we have a constructive attitude of transparency and dialogue with regard to third parties with respect to its safety, health and environmental protection policy, its achievements and its commitment as stated in the policy. Hence, external audit by third party are carried out to find out whether that the site is in compliance with the local laws and legislation. Although, the site has yet to engage a third party to audit the Health and Safety system, other external audit by third party that have been carried out annually include; ISO 14000 to ensure compliance with the environmental legislation; insurance audit by FM Global to ensure that sufficient preventive and protective measures has been carried out to reduce damages should a fire occurs; Fire Certification inspection by Lynwood Engineering to acts as a PE for the company in terms of preventive and protective measures carried out for fire emergency, emergency preparedness audit by SCDF to ensure Company Emergency Response Team is competent to carried out rescue operation during emergency, etc. Action plans will be carried out for any findings and non-conformities by the auditors and the full report sent to corporate for verification. External Factors (- List at least 3 external factors. Describe the purpose of each factor and explain how your company manages, administer, or cope with it. Provide evidence such as examples, attachments, appendices, data, or documentation for each factor with reference to your practice.) 1) Change in legislation (Appendix 3) At Sanofi-Aventis Singapore, we keep ourselves updated on the local legislation by subscribing to third party updating service, EQS Technologies, whereby an updated copy of the legal system will be sent to company on a quarterly basis. From there, we will review what are the updated changes in the legislation that are applicable to the site and update the policy, SOPs, practices, etc. accordingly. For instance, the new regulation for confined space permit, we have done an update on the permit to include the confined space assessor which was originally not required under the old regulation. 2) Trends in the industrial WSH performance (Appendix 4) The trends in WSH performance for various industrial groups (e.g. chemical, pharmaceutical, construction, shipyard, etc.) can be obtained via the annual reports of the companies, data or statistic from the Ministry of Manpower (MOM). The figures obtained can act as a benchmark for the company to gauge its safety and health performance and see how it has fared among other companies, both on an overall factories basis and/or on a same industrial group basis. From the comparison, the company will have a clearer view on where it stands in terms of its performance on workplace health and safety. Through this, the company can review their policy to make changes to their current objectives and targets so as to strive for continual improvement. 3) New target set by Government (Appendix 5) Benchmark and target set by government will have an effect on the company health and safety management system. For instance, the Prime Minister has laid down a challenge on the factories to meet the target of 1.8 fatality rate by the Year 2018, which will also to extended more workplaces under the new regulation. When the news of this new target was announced, factories have gradually started to step up and tighten on their safety and health system within their workplaces so as to slowly work toward this target. Develop WSH policy statements and objectives. (PC1.3, 2.2, UK9) Recommend the proposed WSH policy and objectives for management approval after consultation with respective stakeholders. (PC1.5) (- Develop or provide company current policy statements and objectives. Recommend some additions/changes to the policy and objectives.) Current company policy (Appendix xxx) Amended company policy (Additional changes highlighted in bold) The Chemistry Site Singapore hereby adopts the following Corporate Sanofi-Avnetis HSE Policy: The Health, Safety and Environment Policy is based on 9 guiding principles which define a framework of actions with respect to both our Group employees and external partners. It is applied to all of our activities. The Health, Safety and Environment Policy is an integral part of the general policy of the Group. The management and the employees of the group apply this policy at all levels. Each person is aware of their role and their personal responsibilities with regard to the prevention of accidents, risks to health or damage to the environment. The company as whole will continue to ensure the necessary protection and control measures are in place to protect the employees and visitors against potential hazards and risks. In all places in which the group operates, it respects the applicable laws and regulations, applies expert recommendations and uses the best practices. Sanofi-Aventis operates management systems relating to safety, health at work and protection of the environment adapted to each of its activities. These systems are assessed periodically, by measurement of the results obtained, by defining objectives for the progress and by implementing action plans called PASS with associated control systems. This process depends on basic understanding, learning from experience, working together and training. The objectives of the systems and action plans drawn out will be communicated to all employees to ensure they are aware of what their responsibilities and duties are. Every development project and every product launch will be subjected to a safety, health and environmental risk assessment integrating all the scientific and technical knowledge of the Group. Such projects will be developed using the best available technology throughout a products life cycle. Sanofi-Aventis takes care to economies on natural resources, to minimize the residual impact of the atmospheric emissions, of effluents or of waste in all its industrial activities in order to preserve the natural environment. With regard to its supplier, contractors or sub-contractors, Sanofi-Aventis aims to promote the application of the rules of safety and protection of the environment, and considers the adoption of these rules as a criterion to be applied to suppliers, contractors or sub-contractors. Vice-versa, Sanofi-Aventis will also aims to comply with clients, suppliers, contractors or sub-contractors workplace and health policy. Sanofi-Aventis has a constructive attitude of transparency and dialogue with regard to third parties with respect to its safety, health and environmental protection policy, its achievements and its commitment. Sanofi-Aventis will review the policy periodically to ensure the targets and objectives set remain relevant to the Group mission and vision so as to strive for continuous improvement. Identify and look into the relevant organisational structure/s essential in the alignment implementation of the WSH policy. (PC2.1, UK11) (- Discuss the company WSH organization structure and how it is managed. You can highlight the role of the WSH personnels, the processes and the procedures of WSH operations in the company. Provide a WSH organization chart that shows the companys WSH structure.) Company Health, Safety and Environmental structure. At Sanofi-Aventis, the Site Director is the main person responsible for the site. The HSE Manager will report to the Site Director on the safety, health, and environment and security issues on a periodically period. Under the HSE manager, he is assisted by a HSE Officer, who is in turn assisted by two HSE technicians. The site security issues are being monitored by the in-house and contractual security officers who report directly to the HSE Manger and/or the HSE Officer. Site Director HSE Manager In-house Security Officers HSE Officer HSE Technician Senior HSE Technician Roles Responsibilities Site Director The site Director has the overall responsibility of the effective implementation of the HSE Policy. In compliance with the law, the Site Director shall: Ensure the workplaces entrances and exits and any equipment, machinery, plant, article r substance are accessible, safe and risky-free. Ensure the safety and health of his employees and personnel who may be indirectly affected in the workplace. In particular, the Site Director is responsible for: Setting the Companys HSE Policy and Strategy, in compliance with regulatory and corporate requirements. Providing facilities which are safe to people who use them. Ensuring that HSE activities are regularly reviewed, including HSE measures, instructions and training of all employees on site. Ensuring compliance with legislation relating to health, safety and the environment. Ensuring HSE performance is being monitored and that appropriate actions are taken as necessary to provide a safe working environment. All emergencies on-site are safely and effectively handled with minimum disruption/damage to people, property, process and/or the environment. Ensuring that the HSE policy, objectives and goals are communicated to all staffs and made available to all those who requested them. Ensure that special emphasis is placed on waste minimization, recycling and energy conservation; as these form key elements in the continual environment improvement targets. The Site Director may delegate certain activities within the policy, but he will be responsible for ensuring that a clear line of delegated authority exists. HSE Manager Formulate policies, procedures, programmes, rules and practices, including health and safety strategies in the implementation of health and safety at the workplace, in compliance with regulatory and corporate requirements. Establishing programmes for detecting, correcting, or controlling hazardous conditions, toxic environments, and health hazards. Establishing safety procedures for the purchase and installation of new equipment and the purchase, use and storage of hazardous materials. Maintaining an accident/incident recording procedure to measure the organizations safety performance and encourage the reporting of near-misses. Staying abreast of, and advising management on current laws, codes and standards relating to health and safety in the workplace. Conducting investigations of accidents, near misses, and preparing reports with recommended corrective actions. Conducting safety training and training need analysis for all levels of management, new and current employees; emphasizing the importance of continual training. Maintaining liaisons with governmental bodies and local organizations and taking an active role in the activities of the regulatory bodies. Accompanying relevant management personnel during plant inspections and audits; and reviewing reports; analyzing trends for repetitive problems and analyzing their root causes; with line management initiating action for necessary corrections. Establishing objectives and targets fir HSE performance and communicating them with all levels of management. Responsible for formulating, planning monitoring and reviewing the various activities in the Environmental Programme. Ensure compliance with the local and international laws and corporate requirements. Ensure that development in environmental legislation and regulations environmental issues, concerns and understanding relevant to the organization are monitored, evaluated and appropriately brought into the environmental management system via the Health, Safety and Environment Committee. Responsible for identifying the environment training needs for individuals who are required to monitor and execute the various programmes that is established; and liaises with the Human Resource Manager in identifying the environmental training needs for the site. Provide programmes to maintain and/or increase environmental awareness amongst staffs. Responsible for ensuring that there are adequate written procedures and rules available on-site for all operations and activities where it has an impact on the environment. Responsible for ensuring adequate investigation into the causes of environment incidents/accidents, whether actual or potential, and the introduction of remedial actions to prevent recurrence where it has an impact on the environment. Together with Department managers, set annual objectives and goals for environmental performance, including the accomplishment of specific activities designed to enhance environmental performance. Maintain records of any environmental impact and maintain a register of activities having a significant impact on the environment. The register shall be adequately reviewed and maintained, and shall be made available for inspection and audit. Ensure that all departments are made aware if the policy and understand their obligations for its implementation. This can be performed through line mismanagement. HSE Officer HSE Technician To operate and perform technical work of the WWTP systems and equipment. To perform sampling and analysis of wastewater and ensure that all wastewater discharged are within regulatory consent limits. Responsible for the technical operation of the fire protection system, inspection of emergency response equipment and maintain accurate records of all equipment, security passes, etc. Assist in the handling of emergency/evacuation situations. Ensure that all signage, emergency site plans, emergency floor plans and relevant checklists are updated and kept current at all times. Attend to any alarm activations when on duty and investigate the cause of the alarms. Report any unusual events or matters of safety or security interest to the HSE Manager and/or HSE Officer and record such activities. Observe the security code of conduct and to ensure that instructions, whether verbal or written, are carried out satisfactorily and ensure that all communications concerning security are kept confidential. Carry out checks on contractors and employees to ensure that companys rules, regulations and legislative requirements are followed. Take appropriate action on any violation of safety rules and report to the HSE Manager and/or HSE Officer for his immediate attention. Ensure compliance to all HSE and Quality Policies and defined procedures. Security Officer To conduct safety inspections on plant, equipment and materials and submit relevant reports to the HSE Manager and/or HSE Officer. To conduct safety briefings for incoming contractors and document the briefings. To inspect contractors equipment before their entry into the Plant. Assist the HSE Manager in organising security duties at the companys entrance and to perform such duties with a view to ensure that security procedures pertaining to movement of materials, finished goods, personnel and vehicles are strictly adhered to and enforced in a safe and responsible manner. Check and inform the HSE Manager and/or HSE Officer any unusual deviations in the patrolling log. Conduct systematic patrolling of the company premises and to prevent unauthorised entry. Conduct six-monthly inventory check on first aid stores and guardhouse inventories. Handle emergency/evacuation situations, where real or otherwise, and ensure that such situations are documented. Report any unusual events or matters of safety or security interest to the HSE Manager and/or HSE Officer and record such activities. Observe the security code of conduct and to ensure that instructions, whether verbal or written, are carried out satisfactorily and ensure that all communications concerning security are kept confidential. Carry out checks on contractors and employees to ensure that companys rules, regulations and legislative requirements are followed. Take appropriate action on any violation of safety rules and report to the HSE Manager and/or HSE Officer for his immediate attention. Ensure compliance to all HSE and Quality Policies and defined procedures. Organisational programme for stakeholder awareness and involvement. (PC2.3, UK6, 13, 20) Ways to engage and motivate stakeholders in the change process within organisational structure and system. (UK14, 17) Establish the strategies for implementing WSH policy. (UK15) 14. Establish the impact and the resources required for implementation, prior to finalizing the changes. (PC2.5, 3.5, UK27, 28) Types of Programmes Description of Programmes Implementation of Programmes Short Long Term Impacts (List at least FOURWSH programmes. Eg. Feedback sessions, campaigns, reward and recognition programmes) (Describe about the programme. Such as: Objectives of programme Purpose If the programme is mandatory, highlight the section of the legislation that states it. The resources require eg. Financial, Manpower, External) (- Describe how the programme is implemented in your company. Who is/are overseeing the implementation? Provide evidence such as examples, attachments, appendices, data, or documentation.) (Describe the short long term impact to the company after implementing the programmes.) Scrubber monitoring program and emission limit (Appendix xxx) The purpose of the scrubber monitoring program is to monitor the efficiency of the scrubber system in the production plants to ensure that the limits specified under the National Environmental Agency (NEA) and/or the design limit of the scrubber, whichever is more stringent, is not exceeded. Scrubber monitoring is done to comply with Environmental Protection and Management Act (Cap. 94A) Finance resource- A budget is needed for the monitoring program by external vendor. Manpower resources: Require the chemical technician to carry out the routine testing and sampling. The Production Shift Supervisors are responsible for the operation of the scrubber system. The Production Plant Engineers are tasked with the implementation of the program. The efficiency of the scrubber system in removing a specific substance form the extracted air shall be verified monthly by the production plant crew through the measurement of its emissions at peak discharge from the process. The peak discharge of a process is determined from the system design and operation. A program for monitoring by external vendor shall be established annually. Compliance with the limits by NEA or system design shall be confined to the scrubber discharge. Emissions form other sources may be included where monitoring is practicable. Short term impact Company may be forced to pay a levy or fine if the emission limit is over. This will also result in releasing of additional pollutant into the environment resulting in adverse impact on the air quality. Long term impact Long term monitoring of the scrubber system is beneficial to the company as it allow the company to draw up a trend line in terms of its emission during the process. This will allow the company to put in additional protective and preventive measures to lower the emission. HSE review Meeting The objective of the HSE review meeting is to determine whether the HSE management system is still suitable, adequate and effective in the light of management systems audit results, changing circumstances and commitment to continual improvement and corporate objectives. The purpose of the HSE review meeting is to review the Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) management system to determine its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness in accordance to corporate guidelines, regulatory requirements and to ISO 14000 standards. The review shall be conducted by the management team consisting of the direct reports to the Site Director. The review shall be chaired by the Site Director. The review meeting is carried out on a quarterly basis. The scope of the management review shall cover the whole organization and all of the activities, products and services carried out by or on behalf of the company which include: 1. Achievement against the Objectives and Targets and waste minimization programs. 2. Impact of new significant environmental aspects. 3. Impact of new legal and other requirements. 4. Effectiveness of HSE training, awareness and competence. 5. Effectiveness of internal and external communication. 6. Need for changes to document control, record keeping and procedural documents. 7. Effectiveness of operational controls in view of results of trends, environmental performance indices, number of incidences, complaints, etc. 8. Results of HSE audits. The observation, conclusion and recommendations of the review shall be documented for necessary action. Results will be reported to the HSE committee and made available to all staff to ensure their awareness to changes in the HSE management system. Short term impact Beneficial to the employees in a way that the management is very concern and serious toward the health and safety system. Long term impact It help to improve the HSE system as well as the workplace health and safety of the employee. PASS Plan (Appendix xxx) The PASS Plan, a corporate initiative, is a method to develop a site HSE action plan by involving the whole s